N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play a pivotal role in excitatory
neurotransmission, synaptic plasticity and brain development. Clinical and experimental
evidence suggests a dysregulation of NMDAR function and glutamatergic pathways in the …

Rationale Schizophrenic patients demonstrate prominent negative and cognitive symptoms
that are poorly responsive to antipsychotic treatment. Abnormal glutamatergic
neurotransmission may contribute to these pathophysiological dimensions of schizophrenia …

The transcription factor Nurr1 (NR4A2) has been found to play a critical role in the
development of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Nurr1 heterozygous (+/−) male and female
mice expressing 35–40% of normal levels of Nurr1 were generated and examined in animal …

Background Maternal viral infection is associated with increased risk for schizophrenia. It is
hypothesized that the maternal immune response to viruses may influence fetal brain
development and lead to schizophrenia. Methods To mimic a viral infection, the synthetic …

Schizophrenia is characterized by reduced hippocampal volume, decreased dendritic spine
density, altered neuroplasticity signaling pathways, and cognitive deficits associated with
impaired hippocampal function. We sought to determine whether this diverse pathology …

Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist has been shown to induce aberrant behaviour
phenotypes in rodents, some of which are known to simulate the behaviour abnormalities
observed in patients suffering from schizophrenia. Thus, developing ketamine-induced …

N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit NR1 knockdown (NR1-KD) mice have a
global reduction of NMDA receptors, enabling their use as a genetic model to study the role
of NMDA receptors in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. This targeted mutation results …

In humans, phencyclidine (PCP), a noncompetitive N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA)
antagonist, reproduces a schizophrenia‐like psychosis such as positive/negative symptoms
and cognitive deficits. PCP (10 mg/kg/day for 14 days)‐treated mice exhibit the enhanced …

Methylazoxymethanol (MAM)-treated pregnant rat at gestation day (GD) 17 has been shown
to be a valuable developmental animal model for schizophrenia. Yet, this model remains to
be established in mice. In the present study, we examined behavioral, cytoarchitectural, and …

In humans, schizophrenia with onset in adolescence or adult has distinct features. To
understand whether schizophrenia with either adolescence-or adult-onset have distinct
phenotypes and cellular mechanisms in schizophrenia model mice, we altered Nrg1 …